Conditional:
1. Zero conditional:
− When you heat ice, it melts/ if you heat ice, it melts
● Form : When/ If+ S + verb in the present simple, S + verb in the present simple
● Use : Zero conditional is used to express a fact or a general issue .
2. Conditional type :“I”:
− If I have money, I will buy a car .
● Form : if + S +Verb in the present simple, S + will + infinitive of the verb
● Use : conditional type “I” is used to indicate that something is possible and also very likely to be fulfilled in the future .
3. Conditional type: “II”:
− If I had money, I would/ could/ might buy a car.
● Form : If + S +Verb in the past simple, S + would/ could/ might ….+ infinitive of the verb
● Use : conditional type “II” is used to indicate that something is possible, but very unlikely to be fulfilled at present time.
4. Conditional type“III”:
If i had revised my lessons, i would /could/ might have passed the exam
I would/could/might have passed the exam if i had revised my lessons
Form:
● If + S + past perfect, S+ would/ could/ might… + have + past participle of the verb.
● S + would/ could/ might…+ have + past participle of the verb + if + S + past perfect
→ a third conditional sentence consists of two clauses: an if-clause and the main clause:
− If the if-clause comes first, a comma is usually used.
− If the if-clause comes second, there is no need for a comma.
use : the
third conditional is used to talk about things which didn’t happen in
the past. It is often used to express criticism and regret .
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Example
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Explanation
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If you had driven more carefully, you wouldn’t have had an accident
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→ Criticism : you had an accident because you didn’t drive carefully.
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If we had played a little better, we could have won the game
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→ regret : we didn’t play well, so we lost the game
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5) The difference between “when” and “if” in conditional sentences:
● “If” → is used for something that, according to the speaker might happen (he is not sure).
e.g: we can spend the afternoon on the beach if the weather is fine.
● “When” → is used for something that, according to the speaker, will happen (he is sure).
e.g: I will clean up the kitchen right away when I’m back from work 
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